Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Conceptual Design	Analyze soil and stormwater flow to outline a plan for erosion and sedimentation control.	Geotechnical or Civil Engineer
Design Development/ Construction Documents	Create the construction activity pollution plan per SSp1 requirements. Include in construction documents and specifications.	Civil Engineer
Construction	Review and implement plan per construction documents and specifications. Log and photograph erosion and sedimentation control measures during construction. Sign off on LEED Letter Template and provide submittal requirements (p.21 of LEED v. 2.2. Reference Guide), using SSp1 Model Submittals as a guide.	Contractor
Construction	This credit is part of the Construction Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC at the end of the project.	HGCI or LEED consultant

The intent of this credit is to preserve soil and topsoil on the site, to prevent the flow of silt and sedimentation to nearby bodies of water, and to reduce the release of particulates into the air. As part of the Harvard Sustainability Principles, the university is committed to developing and maintaining an environment that enhances human health and fosters a transition toward sustainability. Harvard University is committed to continuous improvement in demonstrating institutional practices that promote sustainability, especially through design and maintenance of the built environment. Erosion and sedimentation control is one important way to achieve Harvard's commitment to enhancing the health of campus ecosystems. Preventing erosion and preserving biologically rich topsoil protects the quality of the Charles River watershed, a crucial local natural resource, from sedimentation.

 

 

There should be no added cost because this is standard practice in accordance with EPA and state requirements.

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"Create and implement an Erosion and Sedimentation Control (ESC) Plan for all construction activities associated with the project. The ESC Plan shall conform to the erosion and sedimentation requirements of the 2003 EPA Construction General Permit OR local erosion and sedimentation control standards and codes, whichever is more stringent. The Plan shall describe the measures implemented to accomplish the following objectives:

• Prevent loss of soil during construction by stormwater runoff and/or wind erosion, including protecting topsoil by stockpiling for reuse.
• Prevent sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams.
• Prevent polluting the air with dust and particulate matter."

The Construction General Permit (CGP) outlines the provisions necessary to comply with Phase I and Phase II of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. While the CGP only applies to construction sites greater than 1 acre, the requirements are applied to all projects for the purposes of this prerequisite. Information on the EPA CGP is available here.

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 21

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Design a sediment and erosion control plan, specific to the site, that conforms to United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Document No. EPA 832/R-92-005 (September 1992), Storm Water Management for Construction Activities, Chapter 3, OR local erosion and sedimentation control standards and codes, whichever is more stringent. The plan shall meet the following objectives:

• Prevent loss of soil during construction by stormwater runoff and/or wind erosion, including protecting topsoil by stockpiling for reuse.
• Prevent sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams.
• Prevent polluting the air with dust and particulate matter."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 9

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"Provide:

• Copies of the project drawings to document the erosion and sedimentation control measures implemented on the site.
• Confirmation regarding the compliance path taken by the project NPDES Compliance or Local Erosion Control Standards.
• A narrative to describe the Erosion and Sedimentation control measures implemented on the project.  If a local standard has been followed, please provide specific information to demonstrate that the local standard is equal to or more stringent than the referenced NPDES program."

- LEED-NC version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 23

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide:

• The LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring whether the project follows local erosion and sedimentation control standards or the referenced EPA standard.
• A brief list of the measures implemented.  If local standards and codes are followed, describe how they meet or exceed the referenced EPA standard."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 9

"Please provide an erosion and sedimentation plan (or drawings and specifications) demonstrating that the requirements of this prerequisite are met."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.1)

2003 EPA Construction General Permit (REFERENCED STANDARD)

Harvard Environmental Health and Safety CAPS Project Specific Issues

Massachusetts Stormwater Management Policy - Sediment, Erosion, and Dust Controls

City of Cambridge Standard Specifications for Street Excavations and Construction

Directory of Certified Professionals in Erosion and Sediment Control (CPESC, Inc)

Erosion Control Technology Council

International Erosion Control Association

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Budget Planning	When selecting a site, ensure that it is not environmentally sensitive land, per SSc1 LEED requirements (p. 37 of Reference Guide).	Client/Owner
Conceptual Design	Minimize building footprint.	Architect
Design Development	Document and sign letter template per SSc1 requirements and using SSc1 Model Submittals as a guide.	Architect
Construction Documents	This credit is a design submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

The intent of this credit is to locate buildings so as to protect prime agricultural land, forests, and wetlands.  Through its Sustainability Principles, Harvard promotes the health, productivity and safety of the university community through design and maintenance of the built environment.  The university also is committed to enhancing the health of campus ecosystems and increasing the diversity of native species.  Locating a building on a site so that it does not interfere with wetlands or floodplains, nor decrease open space, is important for the health of campus ecosystems.

There should be no added cost, as a Harvard site would easily meet the criteria outlined below.

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"Do not develop buildings, hardscape, roads or parking areas on portions of sites that meet any one of the following criteria:

• Prime farmland as defined by the United States Department of Agriculture in the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5 (citation 7CFR657.5).
• Previously undeveloped land whose elevation is lower than 5 feet above the elevation of the 100-year flood as defined by FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency).
• Land that is specifically identified as habitat for any species on Federal or State threatened or endangered lists.
• Within 100 feet of any wetlands as defined by United States Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR, Parts 230-233 and Part 22, and isolated wetlands or areas of special concern identified by state or local rule, OR within setback distances from wetlands prescribed in state or local regulations, as defined by local or state rule or law, whichever is more stringent.
• Previously undeveloped land that is within 50 feet of a water body, defined as seas, lakes, rivers, streams and tributaries which support or could support fish, recreation or industrial use, consistent with the terminology of the Clean Water Act.
• Land which prior to acquisition for the project was public parkland, unless land of equal or greater value as parkland is accepted in trade by the public landowner (Park Authority projects are exempt)."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 11

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Do not develop buildings, roads or parking areas on portions of sites that meet any one of the following criteria:

• Prime farmland as defined by the United States Department of Agriculture in the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5 (citation 7CFR657.5).
• Land whose elevation is lower than 5 feet above the elevation of the 100-year flood as defined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
• Land which is specifically identified as habitat for any species on Federal or State threatened or endangered lists.
• Within 100 feet of any water including wetlands as defined by United States Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR, Parts 230-233 and Part 22, and isolated wetlands or areas of special concern identified by state or local rule, OR greater than distances given in state or local regulations as defined by local or state rule or law, whichever is more stringent.
• Land which prior to acquisition for the project was public parkland, unless land of equal or greater value as parkland is accepted in trade by the public landowner (Park Authority projects are exempt)."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 13

[10 Akron Street Open Space]

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"Provide confirmation that the project site does not meet any of the prohibited criteria.  Special circumstances for individual projects and site compliance should be noted.

AND (For Projects with Special Circumstances)

Provide a narrative to describe any circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken by the project."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 29

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring that the project site meets the credit requirements."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 13

"Please provide a site plan (drawing) which includes surrounding context and which indicates any bodies of water and/or wetlands within 100' of the proposed building. Include the 100 year flood line and a line indicating a boundary 5' in elevation above that flood line if either cross the site. If neither line crosses the site, indicate the nearest USGS elevation contour line."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Aldrich Hall (LEED-NC v2.2)

FEMA 100-Year Flood Definition

Definitions of Wetlands, U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, 40CFR

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Budget Planning	Harvard's urban location and density often automatically qualify Harvard's sites for this credit.	Client/Owner
Design Development	Determine project proximity to residential units and 10 community and commercial services. Prepare submittal documentation and complete LEED Online Letter Template.	Architect or LEED consultant
Construction Documents	This credit is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED consultant

Dense development conserves untouched lands for other purposes, such as forest, agriculture, or recreation. When people live in close proximity to eachother, mass transit options become more viable. Dense development is key to decreasing daily energy consumption because travel distances are shorter in dense settings than in suburban areas. Density also encourages physical activity, including walking and biking. Dense development contributes to the second Sustainability Principle: "Promoting the health, productivity and safety of the university community through design and maintenance of the built environment." The fourth Sustainability Principle stipulates that Harvard is committed to continuous improvement in "developing planning tools to enable comparative analysis of sustainability implications and to support long-term economic, environmental and socially responsible decision-making." Harvard's buildings are located in dense urban areas and facilitate a connection to the cities in which the university operates.

There should be no added cost, as most Harvard property is located in a dense urban setting. Harvard LEED projects should easily be able to achieve this point.

(aerial image of Harvard campus from google maps)

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"OPTION 1: DEVELOPMENT DENSITY
Construct or renovate building on a previously developed site AND in a community with a minimum density of 60,000 square feet per acre net (Note: density calculation must include the area of the project being built and is based on a typical two-story downtown development).

-OR-

OPTION 2: COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY
Construct or renovate building on a previously developed site AND within 1/2 mile of a residential zone or neighborhood with an average density of 10 units per acre net AND within 1/2 mile of at least 10 Basic Services AND with pedestrian access between the building and the services. Basic Services include, but are not limited to:

1) Bank; 2) Place of Worship; 3) Convenience Grocery; 4) Day Care; 5) Cleaners; 6) Fire Station; 7) Beauty; 8) Hardware; 9) Laundry; 10) Library; 11) Medical/Dental; 12) Senior Care Facility; 13) Park; 14) Pharmacy; 15) Post Office; 16) Restaurant; 17) School; 18) Supermarket; 19) Theater; 20) Community Center; 21) Fitness Center; 22) Museum.

Proximity is determined by drawing a 1/2 mile radius around the main building entrance on a site map and counting the services within that radius."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 33

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Increase localized density to conform to existing or desired density goals by utilizing sites that are located within an existing minimum development density of 60,000 square feet per acre (two story downtown development)."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 19

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"OPTION 1 - Development Density

Provide a site vicinity plan showing the project site and the surrounding sites and buildings.  Sketches, block diagrams, maps, and aerial photos are all acceptable for this purpose.  Draw the density boundary on the drawing or note the drawing scale.  Project site and building area (sq. ft.). Submit a listing of site and building areas for all surrounding sites within the density radius.

-OR-

OPTION 2 - Community Connectivity

Provide a site-vicinity drawing showing the project site, the 1/2 mile community radius, and the locations of the community services surrounding the project site.  Sketches, block diagrams, maps, and aerial photos are all acceptable for this purpose.  Either draw the 1/2 mile radius on the drawing or note the drawing scale. Project site and building area (sq. ft.). Submit a listing (including business name and type) of all community services within the 1/2 mile radius.

AND (For Projects With Special Circumstances - Either Compliance Path)

Provide an optional narrative to describe an special circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken by the project."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 38

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer, architect or other responsible party, declaring that the project has achieved the required development densities.   
• Provide an area plan with the project location highlighted."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 19

"Please provide calculations of development density for both the project and  the surrounding area, defined by the required radius, to accompany the area plan which should already have been submitted with the LEED Letter Template."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.1)

90 Mount Auburn Street (LEED-NC v2.1)

Urban Land Institute

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Budget Planning	Consider benefits, cost, and remediation strategies before a site is selected. If feasible, choose a brownfield site to remediate, as defined by local government or soil analysis standards. Investigate EPA grants and tax incentives available for brownfield remediation.	Client/Owner, Client Project Manager
Conceptual/Schematic	Identify opportunities and strategies for brownfield remediation, including tax credits. Create a site remediation plan and employ a remediation consultant.	Client, Project Manager
Conceptual/Schematic	Analyze soil for hazardous substances.	Geotechnical Engineer
Conceptual/Schematic	As required by the Massachusetts Contingency Plan, provide notification to the Massachusetts DEP, who will assign a release tracking number to Notice of Responsibility.	Engineer, Client
Conceptual/Schematic	Prepare regulatory compliance documents and retain a Licensed Site Professional.	Engineer, Client
Design Documents	Create a remediation plan, including Release Abatement Measurement Plan, Risk Characterization Report, and Response Action Outcome Statement. See SSc3 Model LEED submittals for examples of these documents.	Remediation consultant/Environmental Engineer
Construction Documents	Document credit per SSc3 requirements (p.71 of Reference Guide), using SSc3 Model Submittals as a guide. This is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after construction documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

The intent of this credit is to convert a previously contaminated site (brownfields) to a safe environment for the community, and to improve the ecological health of the area. By remediating brownfield sites, the university promotes the health and safety of the community, a tenet of the second Sustainability Principle. Mitigation of brownfield sites also helps to enhance "the health of campus ecosystems." Monitoring any pre-existing contaminated soils helps the university establish indicators for sustainability that will enable reporting and continuous improvement, a tenet of the sixth Sustainability Principle.

Given Harvard's urban location, it is possible that a site's soil will be contaminated. Brownfield remediation often incurs additional cost, but law often requires treatment, recycling, reuse, or disposal of the contaminated soils. See Five Cowperthwaite's SSc3 and 90 Mount Auburn's SSc3 for descriptions of costs specific to those projects. There are several financial incentives and grants available for brownfield remediation, through both state and federal agencies. See 'Additional Resources' below for further information.

[Blackstone construction]

 

 LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"Develop on a site documented as contaminated (by means of an ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment or a local Voluntary Cleanup Program) OR on a site defined as a brownfield by a local, state or federal government agency."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 41

 

LEED for New Construction Version 2.1

"Develop on a site documented as contaminated (by means of ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment) OR on a site classified as a brownfield by a local, state or federal government agency.  Effectively remediate site contamination."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 25

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"Provide confirmation whether the project site was determined contaminated by means of an ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment or the site was defined as a brownfield by a local, state, or federal government agency.

 

OR

 

Provide a detailed narrative describing the site contamination and remediation efforts undertaken by the project."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 42

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide a copy of the pertinent sections of the ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment documenting the site contamination OR provide a letter from a local, state or federal regulatory agency confirming that the site is classified as a brownfield by that agency."

 

OR

 

Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring the type of damage that existed on the site and describing the remediation performed."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 25

[Blackstone construction]

 

"Please provide documentation that remediation efforts have been performed on the site to clean up or stabilize contaminants. Documentation might include copies of subcontractor contract, bills and/or receipts, or remediation plan check/punchlist."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

90 Mount Auburn Street (LEED-NC v2.1)

5 Cowperthwaite Street (LEED-NC v2.1)

Harvard EH&S Guidelines: Soil Excavation and Disposal

EPA Brownfields

Massachusetts Brownfield Act

Massachusetts Brownfield Redevelopment

ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Budget Planning	Harvard sites usually automatically qualify for SSc4.1, with most sites within the required 1/2 mile of transportation. The project can also earn the credit if an accessible shower is located within 200 yards of the building entrance, or covered bicycle storage is provide for 15% of occupants. Harvard projects are often also eligible for Innovation and Design credit for Exemplary performance in Alternative Transportation if the university's Commuter Choice program is applicable for building occupants.	HGCI or LEED consultant can document
Schematic Design	Document this credit per SSc4.1 submittal requirements (p. 47 of Reference Guide) and using SSc4.1 Model Submittals as a guide.	HGCI or LEED consultant can document
Construction Documents	This credit is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED consultant should review and submit

Public transportation access encourages people to ride the train or bus instead of driving a car.  The reduction of single occupant vehicle usage reduces both greenhouse gases and pollution. Development of structures accessible to public transportation fosters a transition toward sustainability.  The creation of a built environment that facilitates sustainable practices such as the use of mass transit encourages behavioral change that benefits the environment.  Planning that accounts for public transit supports long-term economic, environmental and socially responsible decision-making.  Access to public transit within 1/4 mile of a building is a quantifiable indicator that can be monitored. 

There should be no added cost as Harvard's campus is in close proximity to several public transportation options. All of Harvard's LEED projects have achieved this credit.

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"Locate project within 1/2 mile of an existing, or planned and funded, commuter rail, light rail or subway station.

OR

Locate project within 1/4 mile of one or more stops for two or more public or campus bus lines usable by building occupants."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 47

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Locate project within ½ mile of a commuter rail, light rail or subway station or ¼ mile of two or more public or campus bus lines usable by building occupants."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 31

(photo from The Crimson, Erik G. Schultink)

 

(Commercial Interiors Sustainable Sites credit 3.1)

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"Commuter Rail Service:

• Provide a site vicinity drawing showing the project site and the location of all (existing/proposed) fixed rail stations within 1/2 mile of the site. A listing of each fixed rail station and the distance from the station to the project site (miles).

OR

Bus Service:

• Provide a site vicinity drawing showing the project site and the location of all existing bus stops within 1/4 mile of the site. A listing of each bus line that serves the site vicinity and the distance from the bus stop to the project site (miles).

AND (For Projects With Special Circumstances - Either Compliance Path)

• Provide an option narrative to describe any special circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken by the project."

- LEED-NC Reference Guide, page 49

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by an appropriate party, declaring that the project building(s) are located within required proximity to mass transit.
• Provide an area drawing or transit map highlighting the building location and the fixed rail station and bus lines, and indicate the distances between them.  Include a scale bar for distance measurement.”

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 31

 

 

"Please provide documentation of shuttle capacity and schedule demonstrating that it is capable of serving the building population. See CIR ruling dated 09-20-04."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

5 Cowperthwaite Street (LEED-NC v2.1)

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.1)

Hamilton Hall (LEED-NC v2.1)

Harvard University Commuter Choice Program

Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Pre-Design	Integrate the desire for bicycle storage and changing rooms into the programming phase and design charrette discussions.  Determine the number of occupants and daily visitors.  Bike racks/storage for 5% of Full-Time Equivalent (FTEs) occupants and showers for 0.5% of FTEs are required.	Architect, Client Project Manager
Design Development	Document this credit per SSc4.2 submittal and audit requirements (p. 53 of Reference Guide) and using SSc4.2 Model Submittals for reference. Ensure bicycle and/or changing facilities remain a part of the design.	Architect
Construction Documents	This credit can be submitted with the LEED Design Submittal.	HGCI or LEED consultant

The intent of this credit is to encourage occupants to ride bicycles to and from the building, rather than drive vehicles. Development of alternative transportation access for the campus is important to support the university in increasing efficiency and decreasing pollution. Improved resources for bicycling as an alternative means of transportation supports the second Harvard University Sustainability Principle, which promotes "health, productivity and safety of the university community through design and maintenance of the built environment."

To date, all of Harvard's LEED projects have easily achieved this credit. A study by the Davis Langdon group based on 221 projects found that Credit 4.2 "is a relatively inexpensive point with low design impact." (Matthiessen, Fay and Morris, 13). For the full cite, see Financial Links.

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"For commercial or institutional buildings, provide secure bicycle racks and/or storage (within 200 yards of a building entrance) for 5% or more of all building users (measured at peak periods), AND, provide shower and changing facilities in the building, or within 200 yards of a building entrance, for 0.5% of Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) occupants.

OR

For residential buildings, provide covered storage facilities for securing bicycles for 15% or more of building occupants in lieu of changing/shower facilities."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 53

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"For commercial or institutional buildings, provide secure bicycle storage with convenient changing/shower facilities (within 200 yards of the building) for 5% or more of regular building occupants. For residential buildings, provide covered storage facilities for securing bicycles for 15% or more of building occupants in lieu of changing/shower facilities."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 32

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

• "Provide the FTE occupancy and Transient occupancy for the project.  Provide project drawings to show the location(s) of the secure bicycle storage areas and shower/changing facilities.  In addition, please provide the following project data and calculation information based on project type.  In addition, please provide the following project data and calculation information based on project type"

Non-Residential Buildings:

• "Confirm the quantity of shower/changing facilities provided and their distance from the building entry."

Residential Buildings: No additional documentation is required.

Mixed Non-Residential and Residential Buildings:

• "Confirm the number of residential units and residential FTE occupants for the project. 
• Confirm the quantity of shower/changing facilities provided for the non-residential portion of the project and for Projects with Special Circumstances - Any Compliance Path.

• Provide an optional narrative to describe any special circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken by the project."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, pages 55-56

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "For commercial projects: provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the Architect or responsible party, declaring the distance to bicycle storage and showers from the building entrance and demonstrating that these facilities can accommodate at least 5% of building occupants.

OR

• "For residential projects: provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the architect or responsible party, declaring the design occupancy for the buildings, number of covered bicycle storage facilities for securing bicycles, and demonstrating that these facilities can accommodate at least 15% of building occupants."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 32

• "Please provide drawings and cut sheets or photos highlighting bicycle securing apparatus and its location, along with floor plans and/or photos indicating location of changing/shower facilities.
• Provide documentation indicating that there is at least one shower for every 8 cyclists."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

 

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.1)

Harvard University Quad Bikes

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Budget Planning	This credit can usually be earned by Harvard projects. Harvard has a contract with ZipCar to provide hybrid vehicles on campus. If building occupants qualify for this program, this point can usually be easily earned. Working with the transportation office and the Commuter Choice program has been essential in creating access for building occupants to low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles.	Owner/Client
Conceptual Design	Discuss the possibility of preferred parking for low-emitting/fuel-efficient vehicles, similar to HBS.   Determine the number of FTE occupants and daily visitors.  Calculate the amount of parking needed, as well as space needed for preferred parking spaces. See page 59 of the Reference Guide for submittal documentation requirements. Use SSc4.3 Model Submittals for reference.	Client Project Manager, Architect
Construction Documents	Identify preferred parking spaces to be designated as "Low-Emitting & Fuel-Efficient Parking Only" as needed.
Construction Documents	This credit is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

Adopted in the fall of 2004, the Harvard University Sustainability  Principles commit to continuous improvement in institutional practices that promote sustainability.  Low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles, as one form of alternative transportation, are particularly relevant to the first and fourth Sustainability Principles:... “support long-term economic, environmental and socially responsible decision-making."  In addition, this effort is an “institutional practice[s] that promote[s] sustainability, including measures to increase efficiency and use of renewable resources…both in Harvard’s own operations and in those of its suppliers." Availability of vehicles that staff can utilize during the work day supports them in utilizing the university’s Commuter Choice Program, as they do not need to use their own car. By making alternative-fuel vehicles and low-emitting vehicles available, the university encourages a change in the marketplace, and reduces the university's overall carbon output.

Harvard's Transportation Office and the Commuter Choice Program have been essential in giving building occupants access to low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles. Harvard signed a contract with ZipCar to have all 9 ZipCars parked on Harvard's campus be alternative-fuel vehicles by January 2007.

Also, Harvard's Parking Services, the Harvard Business School and the Harvard Green Campus Initiative have partnered to pilot preferred parking for low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles. In addition to the spaces already reserved for disability and carpool parking in the surface lot, HBS permit holders enjoy premier parking if they drive environmentally friendly vehicles. Similar to carpool spaces, Low-Emitting Vehicle (LEV) spaces will be designated in preferred parking areas in the lot and will be reserved for qualifying permit holders weekdays until 10:00 a.m.

To apply for an LEV parking hang tag, permit holders need to demonstrate that they drive a vehicle that meets the EPA SmartWay Elite certification. See list of all vehicles that qualify as EPA SmartWay Elite vehicles.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"OPTION 1

Provide low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles for 3% of Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) occupants AND provide preferred parking for these vehicles.

OR

OPTION 2

Provide preferred parking for low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles for 5% of the total vehicle parking capacity of the site.

OR

OPTION 3

Install alternative-fuel refueling stations for 3% of the total vehicle parking capacity of the site (liquid or gaseous fueling facilities must be separately ventilated or located outdoors).

For the purposes of this credit, low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles are defined as vehicles that are either classified as Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV) by the California Air Resources Board or have achieved a minimum green score of 40 on the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide.

"Preferred parking" refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped) or parking passes provided at a discounted price."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 57

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide alternative-fuel vehicles for 3% of building occupants AND provide preferred parking for these vehicles, OR install alternative-fuel refueling stations for 3% of the total vehicle parking capacity of the site. Liquid or gaseous fueling facilities must be separately ventilated or located outdoors."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 33

* One Innovation and Design credit is available for projects "demonstrating a quantifiable reduction in personal automobile use." (See Reference Guide for further details.) HGCI can provide ongoing strategy support, CIR review, case studies, submittal review and approval.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"Provide the

• FTE occupancy for the project.
• Provide the total parking capacity of the site.
• In addition, please provide the following project data and calculation information based on the appropriate compliance path:

 

Option 1 - Low-Emitting/Fuel-Efficient Vehicles

• Provide project drawings to show the location(s) of the preferred parking spaces for low-emitting/fuel-efficient vehicles.
• Confirm the quantity of low-emitting/fuel-efficient vehicles provided and their make, model, and manufacturer.
• Confirm whether each vehicle is a zero-emission vehicle or enter each vehicle's ACEEE vehicle score.

 

Option 2 - Preferred Parking for Low-Emitting/Fuel-Efficient Vehicles

• Provide the project drawings to show the location (s) of the preferred parking spaces for low-emitting/fuel-efficient vehicles
• Confirm the number of preferred parking spaces provided

 

Option 3 - Alternative-Fuel Refueling Stations

• Provide project drawings to show the location(s) of the alternative-fuel refueling stations.
• Confirm the fuel type, number of stations, and fueling capacity for each station for an 8-hour period.

 

AND (For Projects With Special Circumstances - Any Compliance Path)

• Provide and optional narrative to describe any special circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2, page 59

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide the

• LEED Letter Template and
• Proof of ownership of, or 2 year lease agreement for, alternative-fuel vehicles and
• Calculations indicating that alternative-fuel vehicles will serve 3% of building occupants. Provide
• Site drawings or parking plan highlighting preferred parking for alternative-fuel vehicles”

- LEED-NC Version 2.1, page 33

"Please provide

• Documentation demonstrating that the alternative-fuel vehicles or refueling stations meet the credit requirements for long-range, street-legal vehicles.

• In the case of charging stations, provide cut sheets or other documentation demonstrating that recharging stations can serve long-range, street-legal vehicles."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.1)

ZipCar at Harvard

Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Budget Planning	This credit can usually be earned by Harvard projects. Harvard University has an ambitious Commuter Choice program to reduce single-occupant vehicle (SOV) use. Working with the transportation office and the Commuter Choice program has been essential in creating access for building occupants to shared vehicles, carpooling, and vanpooling options. Harvard has a contract with ZipCar to provide carsharing options on campus. If building occupants qualify for this program, this point can usually be easily earned. Harvard provides discounted parking permits (50% off for 2-person carpools, 75% off for 3-person) and provides reserved spaces for carpool vehicles. It is campus policy to adjust the number of reserved spaces to correspond to the number of permitted carpool vehicles. Harvard also has the policy to assign up to 5% of the Allston campus and 10% of the Cambridge campus parking spaces as carpool spaces if there is such demand. Differences in the percentage of carpool spaces stem from different agreements with Boston and Cambridge, but in both instances reserved spaces are created to satisfy the number of permitted carpool vehicles and far exceed the 2.5% (2 people per space) of carpool spaces required for this point as described in the 10/3/05 CIR Ruling.	Owner/Client
Construction Documents	Identify preferred parking spaces to be designated as "Carpool Parking Only" as needed.
Construction Documents	Document this credit per SSc4.4 submittal requirements, including a description of Harvard's carpooling plan, as well as designated carpooling parking spaces (p. 63 of Reference Guide and model submittals linked above). Complete LEED Online Letter Template and prepare audit materials.
Construction Documents	This credit is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

The intent of this credit is to encourage commuters to carpool by providing preferential parking for vans and carpools.  The first Harvard University Sustainability Principle is to "Demonstrate institutional practices that promote sustainability, including measures to increase efficiency ...” By giving the incentive of preferential parking to commuters, the university establishes and begins to institutionalize practices that increase efficiency. Harvard University's Commuter Choice Program runs the university's carpooling for the entire university community. 

Harvard's Commuter Choice program provides incentives for carpooling and vanpooling. There should be no added cost for a Harvard project to earn this credit. All Harvard LEED projects to date have easily earned this credit.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"OPTION 1 — NON-RESIDENTIAL

Size parking capacity to not exceed minimum local zoning requirements, AND, provide preferred parking for carpools or vanpools for 5% of the total provided parking spaces.

OR

OPTION 2 — NON-RESIDENTIAL

For projects that provide parking for less than 5% of FTE building occupants:

• Provide preferred parking for carpools or vanpools, marked as such, for 5% of total provided parking spaces.

OR

OPTION 3 — RESIDENTIAL

Size parking capacity to not exceed minimum local zoning requirements, AND, provide infrastructure and support programs to facilitate shared vehicle usage such as carpool drop-off areas, designated parking for vanpools, or car-share services, ride boards, and shuttle services to mass transit.

OR

OPTION 4 — ALL

Provide no new parking.

"Preferred parking" refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped) or parking passes provided at a discounted price."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide page 17

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Size parking capacity to meet, but not exceed, minimum local zoning requirements AND provide preferred parking for carpools or vanpools capable of serving 5% of the building occupants; OR add no new parking for rehabilitation projects AND provide preferred parking for carpools or vanpools capable of serving 5% of the building occupants."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 34

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

• "Provide the FTE occupancy for the project.
• Provide the total parking capacity of the site.
• Confirm the appropriate project compliance path.

In addition, please provide the following project data and calculation information based on the appropriate compliance path.

OPTION 1 - NON-RESIDENTIAL

• Provide the number of parking spaces required for the project per local code or ordinance.
• Provide the number of carpool/vanpool spaces that are on-site.

OPTION 2 - NON-RESIDENTIAL

• Provide the number of carpool/vanpool spaces that are on-site.

OPTION 3 - RESIDENTIAL

• Provide a description of the infrastructure/programs that are in place to support and promote ridesharing.

OPTION 4 - ALL

• There are no additional items required for this compliance path.

AND (For Projects With Special Circumstances - Any Compliance Path)

• Provide an optional narrative to describe any special circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken by the project."

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "For new projects: provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, stating any relevant minimum zoning requirements and declaring that parking capacity is sized to meet, but not exceed them. State the number of preferred parking spaces for carpools.

OR

• "For rehabilitation projects: provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring that no new parking capacity has been added. State the number of preferred parking spaces for carpools."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 34

"The following are the audit requirements for new construction projects:

Please provide calculations which illustrate the parking capacity determined to be required for the project. Provide a carpooling plan/policy and documentation of how the spaces are designated as reserved for carpooling (photos, signage).

The following are the audit requirements for renovation/rehabilitation projects:

Please provide pre-rehabilitation and post-rehabilitation plans indicating the amount of parking on each, demonstrating that no new parking capacity has been added."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.1)

90 Mount Auburn (LEED-NC v2.1)

Harvard Commuter Choice

Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE)

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Conceptual Design	Evaluate the site to assess potential for native/adapted vegetation.	Landscape Architect with project team
Conceptual/Schematic	Minimize building footprint to reduce impact on the existing ecology.	Architect
Schematic Design	Design the masterplan for the site to reduce site disruption per LEED requirements (p.67 of Reference Guide). Restore 50% of the non-building site with native/adapted vegetation.	Landscape Architect with project team
Design Development	Specify plants based on existing site conditions, avoiding invasive species.	Landscape Architect
Construction Documents	Review site masterplan based on the project's overall sustainability goals, stormwater management, and heat island effect reduction.	Project Manager and team
Construction	Complete LEED Online Letter Template and provide submittal and audit requirements. SSc5.1 Model Submittals as a guide.	Landscape Architect
Construction	This credit is a Construction Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC at the end of the project.	HGCI or LEED consultant

The intent of this credit is to limit site disturbance on greenfield sites, and to restore open space in previously developed sites. Harvard University is committed to developing and maintaining an environment that enhances human health and fosters a transition toward sustainability. To that end, one of the Sustainability Principles is for continuous improvement in enhancing the health of campus ecosystems and increasing the diversity of native species. This design element suggests a strategy to restore vegetation and open space to the campus. 

There may or may not be cost implications depending upon the amount of land available. The Davis Langdon study found that if strategies and credits can be integrated to allow achievement of several sustainable goals at once (natural habitat, manage and filter stormwater, and heat island), costs can be minimized. (Matthiessen, Fay and Morris, 13). For full cite, see Financial Links.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"OPTION 1

On greenfield sites, limit all site disturbance to 40 feet beyond the building perimeter; 10 feet beyond surface walkways, patios, surface parking and utilities less than 12 inches in diameter; 15 feet beyond primary roadway curbs and main utility branch trenches; and 25 feet beyond constructed areas with permeable surfaces (such as pervious paving areas, stormwater detention facilities and playing fields) that require additional staging areas in order to limit compaction in the constructed area.

OR

 

OPTION 2

On previously developed or graded sites, restore or protect a minimum of 50% of the site area (excluding the building footprint) with native or adapted vegetation. Native/adapted plants are plants indigenous to a locality or cultivars of native plants that are adapted to the local climate and are not considered invasive species or noxious weeds. Projects earning SS Credit 2 and using vegetated roof surfaces may apply the vegetated roof surface to this calculation if the plants meet the definition of native/adapted.

 

Greenfield sites are those that are not previously developed or graded and remain in a natural state. Previously developed sites are those that previously contained buildings, roadways, parking lots, or were graded or altered by direct human activities."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 67

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"On greenfield sites, limit site disturbance including earthwork and clearing of vegetation to 40 feet beyond the building perimeter, 5 feet beyond primary roadway curbs, walkways and main utility branch trenches, and 25 feet beyond constructed areas with permeable surfaces (such as pervious paving areas, stormwater detention facilities and playing fields) that require additional staging areas in order to limit compaction in the constructed area; OR, on previously developed sites, restore a minimum of 50% of the site area (excluding the building footprint) by replacing impervious surfaces with native or adapted vegetation."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 43

* An Innovation and Design credit is available for "restoring or protecting a minimum of 75% of the site area with native or adapted vegetation on previously developed or graded sites." (see LEED Reference Guide for details.)

 

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

• "Provide the project site area.
• Provide the building footprint area.
• Provide a narrative describing the project's approach to this credit.  Include information regarding any special circumstances or considerations regarding the project.

 

In addition, please provide the following project data and calculation information based on the appropriate compliance path:

 

GREENFIELD SITES:

• Provide a copy of the project's site/grading drawings highlighting the designated site disturbance boundaries.

 

PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED/GRADED SITES:

• Provide the area (sq. ft.) of the site that has been restored using native and/or adaptive planning.
• Provide a copy of the project's site/landscape plan that provides information regarding the restored site area and the planting materials."

-LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 68

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "For greenfield sites: provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, demonstrating and declaring that site disturbance (including earthwork and clearing of vegetation) has been limited to 40 feet beyond the building perimeter, 5 feet beyond primary roadway curbs, walk ways and main utility branch trenches, and 25 feet beyond constructed areas with permeable surfaces. Provide site drawings and specifications highlighting limits of construction disturbance.

OR

• "For previously developed sites: provide a LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring and describing restoration of degraded habitat areas. Include highlighted site drawings with area calculations demonstrating that 50% of the site area that does not fall within the building footprint has been restored."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 43

 

"No further documentation is ever likely to be needed to demonstrate achievement of this credit. The USGBC reserves the right to request documentation if this credit is audited."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

This credit has not yet been achieved by a project at Harvard.

North America Native Plant Society

Soil and Water Conservation Society

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Conceptual Design	Perform site and climate analysis to the existing site conditions. Document factors such as site orientation, latitude/longitude, solar angles, existing vegetation, stormwater flows, etc.  Design a masterplan for the site to reduce site disruption. Consider vegetated roofs, which contributes to SSc5.1 and SSc7.2. Review SSc5.2 requirements (p. 71 of Reference Guide).	Landscape Architect with project team
Schematic Design	Minimize building footprint. Consider a vegetated roof. Calculate the square footage of open space and compare this to the building footprint. Verify that open space exceeds the area of building footprint. Determine areas necessary to achieve restoration of 50% of the open space.	Architect
Construction Documents	Complete LEED Online Letter Template and provide submittal and audit requirements per SSc5.2 requirements.	Landscape Architect
Construction Documents	This credit is part of the Design Submittal and should be submitted after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

The intent of this credit is to create and preserve open space as buildings are developed. This design element is closely aligned with the third of the Harvard University Sustainability Principles, which focuses on continuous improvement in "enhancing the health of campus ecosystems and increasing the diversity of native species." Understanding a building's scale and its relation to surrounding open space within the context of its urban environment is an element of the Sustainability Principle, "developing planning tools to enable comparative analysis of sustainability implications and to support long-term economic, environmental and socially responsible decision-making."

The Davis Langdon study found that projects typically achieve this credit by providing a pedestrial oriented landscape or a green roof. For dense urban sites, costs can be minimal to significant, but the point can be achieved at zero cost if open space is provided elsewhere. (Matthiessen, Fay and Morris, 13). For the full cite, see Financial Links.

 

(One Western Avenue open space plan)

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"OPTION 1

Reduce the development footprint (defined as the total area of the building footprint, hardscape, access roads and parking) and/or provide vegetated open space within the project boundary to exceed the local zoning’s open space requirement for the site by 25%.

OR

OPTION 2

For areas with no local zoning requirements (e.g., some university campuses, military bases), provide vegetated open space area adjacent to the building that is equal to the building footprint.

OR

OPTION 3

Where a zoning ordinance exists, but there is no requirement for open space (zero), provide vegetated open space equal to 20% of the project site area.

ALL OPTIONS:

• For projects located in urban areas that earn SS Credit 2, vegetated roof areas can contribute to credit compliance.
• For projects located in urban areas that earn SS Credit 2, pedestrian oriented hardscape areas can contribute to credit compliance. For such projects, a minimum of 25% of the open space counted must be vegetated.
• Wetlands or naturally designed ponds may count as open space if the side slope gradients average 1:4 (vertical: horizontal) or less and are vegetated."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2, Reference Guide, page 71

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Reduce the development footprint (defined as entire building footprint, access roads and parking) to exceed the local zoning’s open space requirement for the site by 25%.  For areas with no local zoning requirements (e.g., some university campuses and military bases), designate open space area adjacent to the building that is equal to the development footprint."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 44

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

• "Provide the project site area.
• Provide the project building footprint area.
• Provide a copy of the project's site/landscape drawings highlighting the dedicated vegetated open space.
• Provide an optional narrative describing any special circumstances or considerations regarding the project's credit approach.

In addition, please provide the following project data and calculation information based on the appropriate compliance path:

OPTION1

• Provide the area (sq. ft.) of open space required by local zoning codes/ordinances
• Provide the area (sq. ft.) of the vegetated dedicated open space provided by the project.

OPTION 2

• Provide the area (sq. ft.) of the vegetated dedicated open space provided by the project.

OPTION 3

• Provide the area (sq. ft.) of the vegetated dedicated open space provided by the project."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 71

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "Provide a copy of the local zoning requirements highlighting the criteria for open space. Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, demonstrating and declaring that the open space exceeds the local zoning open space requirement for the site by 25%.

OR

• For areas with no local zoning requirements (e.g., some university campuses and military bases), designate open space area adjacent to the building that is equal to the development footprint. Provide a letter from the property owner stating that the open space will be conserved for the life of the building."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 44

 

"The following are the audit requirements for projects in areas with local zoning requirements for open space:

Please provide highlighted site drawings with area calculations demonstrating that the building footprint exceeds the local zoning open space requirement for the site by 25%.

The following are the audit requirements for projects in areas with no local zoning requirements:

Please provide a site plan that indicates designated open space area adjacent to the building that is equal to the building footprint, confirming the assertions of the LEED Letter Template. Documentation should illustrate that the open space is vegetated and pervious."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Wyss Hall (LEED-NC v2.2)

Green Roofs for Healthy Cities

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Pre-Design	Evaluate the soil in site to determine if it can handle increased flow rates from development. Review SSc6.1 possible compliance paths for stormwater management (p. 75 of Reference Guide)	Geotechnical or Civil Engineer/Landscape Architect
Conceptual/Schematic	Develop a stormwater management plan for the site per LEED requirements, preferably to eliminate the need for irrigation (as at Blackstone), or to use recycled stormwater for irrigation (as at Zero Arrow Street). Specify pervious paving wherever possible, such as the paving in Blackstone's courtyard. Coordinate to collect rainwater and reuse on site, such as the cistern at Zero Arrow Street. Consider using a green roof as part of the stormwater management plan, which will also contribute towards reducing the heat island effect (SSc7.1).	Landscape Architect
Schematic Design	Calculate volume of runoff and peak flows during storm events. Calculate volume of water to be collected for reuse and work with engineer to design rainwater/greywater reuse system.
Construction Documents	Review the stormwater management plan in relation to entire project and the sustainability goals, especially water efficiency goals.	Project Manager and team
Construction Documents	Complete LEED Online Letter Template and provide submittal and audit requirements per SSc6.1 submittal requirements and using SSc6.1 Model Submittals as a guide.	Geotechnical or Civil Engineer/Landscape Architect
Construction Documents	This credit is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after construction documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

 

The intent of this credit is to reduce the quantity of stormwater runoff by reducing the imperviousness of the site. The goal of the third Harvard University Sustainability Principle is to enhance campus ecosystems. Because the reduction of stormwater runoff reduces the amount of contaminants flowing into the soil, campus ecosystem health is promoted. Monitoring the campus pervious surface area helps the university increase recharge to the aquifer.

 

The Davis Langdon study on LEED found that "Site size plays a significant role in whether or not the stormwater-related points result in additional cost." (Matthiessen, Fay and Morris, 13). For the full cite, see Financial Links.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"CASE 1 — EXISTING IMPERVIOUSNESS IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 50%

Implement a stormwater management plan that prevents the post-development peak discharge rate and quantity from exceeding the pre-development peak discharge rate and quantity for the one- and two-year 24-hour design storms.

OR

Implement a stormwater management plan that protects receiving stream channels from excessive erosion by implementing a stream channel protection strategy and quantity control strategies.

OR

CASE 2 — EXISTING IMPERVIOUSNESS IS GREATER THAN 50%

Implement a stormwater management plan that results in a 25% decrease in the volume of stormwater runoff from the two-year 24-hour design storm."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 75

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"If existing imperviousness is less than or equal to 50%, implement a stormwater management plan that prevents the post-development 1.5 year, 24 hour peak discharge rate from exceeding the pre-development 1.5 year, 24 hour peak discharge rate.

OR

If existing imperviousness is greater than 50%, implement a stormwater management plan that results in a 25% decrease in the rate and quantity of stormwater runoff."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 49

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"OPTION 1

• Provide the pre-development site runoff rate (cfs).
• Provide the pre-development site runoff quantity (cf).
• Provide the post-development site runoff rate (cfs).
• Provide the post-development site runoff quantity (cf).

OR

• Provide a narrative describing the project site conditions, measures taken, and controls implemented to prevent excessive stream velocities and associated erosion.

OPTION 2

• Provide the pre-development site runoff rate (cfs).
• Provide the pre-development site runoff quantity (cf).
• Provide the post-development site runoff rate (cfs).
• Provide the post-development site runoff quantity (cf)."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 78

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

• "Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring that the post-development 1.5 year, 24 hour peak discharge rate does not exceed the pre-development 1.5 year 24 hour peak discharge rate. Include calculations demonstrating that existing site imperviousness is less than or equal to 50%.

OR

• Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring and demonstrating that the stormwater management strategies result in at least a 25% decrease in the rate and quantity of stormwater runoff. Include calculations demonstrating that existing site imperviousness exceeds 50%."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 49

 

"Please provide pre-construction and post-construction site drawings along with a copy of the stormwater management plan."

- LEED-NC version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

 

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.2)

Stormwater Best Management Practice Design Guide EPA 600/R-04/121A

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Pre-Design	Evaluate the soil in site to determine if it can handle increased flow rates from development. Review SSc6.2 requirements (p. 83 of Reference Guide).	Geotechnical or Civil Engineer/Landscape Architect
Schematic	Develop a stormwater management plan for the site to treat suspended solids runoff, meeting USEPA guidelines. Review SSc6.2 (p.83 in LEED-NC v2.2 Reference Guide) for potential eligible structural or non-structural strategies to treat stormwater runoff. Propose Best Management Practices for the project.	Landscape Architect
Design Development	Clearly articulate the project's Best Management practices in the drawings, specifications, and a narrative.	Landscape Architect
Construction Documents	Review the stormwater management plan in relation to entire project and the sustainability goals, especially water efficiency goals.	Landscape with Project Team
Construction Documents	Complete LEED Online Letter Template and provide submittal and audit requirements per SSc6.2 requirements.	Geotechnical or Civil Engineer/Landscape Architect
Construction Documents	This credit is a Design Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC after Construction Documents are complete.	HGCI or LEED Consultant

 

The intent of this credit is to reduce the runoff of total suspended solids and phosphates from the building site. According to the adage "what gets measured gets conserved," monitoring pollutants and the amount of urban runoff will help improve campus soil quality. This supports one of the Harvard University Sustainability Principles, "Enhancing the health of campus ecosystems and increasing the diversity of native species." The continued monitoring is part of the sixth Sustainability Principle, which is to encourage the university to continue to develop and utilize indicators for sustainability that will enable monitoring reporting and continuous improvement.

 

The Davis Langdon study on LEED found that "Site size plays a significant role in whether or not the stormwater-related points result in additional cost." (Matthiessen, Fay and Morris, 13). For the full cite, see Financial Links.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"Implement a stormwater management plan that reduces impervious cover, promotes infiltration, and captures and treats the stormwater runoff from 90% of the average annual rainfall 1 using acceptable best management practices (BMPs). BMPs used to treat runoff must be capable of removing 80% of the average annual post development total suspended solids (TSS) load based on existing monitoring reports. BMPs are considered to meet these criteria if (1) they are designed in accordance with standards and specifications from a state or local program that has adopted these performance standards, or (2) there exists in-field performance monitoring data demonstrating compliance with the criteria. Data must conform to accepted protocol (e.g., Technology Acceptance Reciprocity Partnership [TARP], Washington State Department of Ecology) for BMP monitoring.

In the United States, there are three distinct climates that influence the nature and amount of rainfall occurring on an annual basis. Humid watersheds are defined as those that receive at least 40 inches of rainfall each year, Semi-arid watersheds receive between 20 and 40 inches of rainfall per year, and Arid watersheds receive less than 20 inches of rainfall per year. For this credit, 90% of the average annual rainfall is equivalent to treating the runoff from:

• (a) Humid Watersheds – 1 inch of rainfall;
• (b) Semi-arid Watersheds – 0.75 inches of rainfall; and
• (c) Arid Watersheds – 0.5 inches of rainfall."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 83

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Construct site stormwater treatment systems designed to remove 80% of the average annual post-development total suspended solids (TSS) and 40% of the average annual post-development total phosphorous (TP) based on the average annual loadings from all storms less than or equal to the 2-year/24-hour storm. Do so by implementing Best Management Practices (BMPs) outlined in Chapter 4, Part 2 (Urban Runoff), of the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, January 1993 (Document No. EPA-840-B-92-002) or the local government’s BMP document (whichever is more stringent)."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 50

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"NON-STRUCTURAL CONTROLS

• Provide a list of Best Management Practices (BMPs), including a description of the function of each BMP and the percent annual rainfall treated

STRUCTURAL CONTROLS

• Provide list of structural controls, including a description of the pollutant removal of each control and the percent annual rainfall treated.

AND

• Provide an optional narrative describing any special circumstances or considerations regarding the approach to the credit."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 85

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide the LEED Letter Template, signed by the civil engineer or responsible party, declaring that the design complies with or exceeds EPA or local government Best Management Practices (whichever set is more stringent) for removal of total suspended solids and total phosphorous."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, page 50

(Blackstone permeable paving)

 

"Please provide drawings and specifications describing EPA Best Management Practices implemented for removal of TSS and TP. Also provide:

1. Stormwater management plan (If not already provided for SSc6.1);

2. In instances where practices are far different from EPA or local BMPs then provide pollutant calculations based on land coverage."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1: Audited Credit Requirements; USGBC

Blackstone (LEED-NC v2.2)

Stormwater Best Management Practice Design Guide EPA 600/R-04/121A

Design Phase	Recommended Approach: Activities	Recommended Approach: Responsibilities
Conceptual Design	Identify opportunities for open-grid pavers, non-roof impervious surfaces with SRI values above 29, and shading.  Identify existing vegetation shading, and critical areas for shading. Review SSc7.1 requirements (p. 89 of LEED v2.2 Reference Guide)	Landscape Architect with project team
Schematic Design	Calculate percentage of non-roof vegetated surfaces to be either shaded, open grid pavers, or have an SRI value of greater than 29. If possible, adjust design to ensure 50% of surfaces meet these criteria.	Landscape Architect with project team
Construction Documents	Ensure specifications and drawings call for an SRI greater than 29 and pavers where expected.	Landscape Architect with project team
Construction Documents	Complete LEED Online Letter Template and provide submittal and audit requirements per SSc7.1 requirements.	Landscape Architect with project team
Construction	This credit is a Construction Submittal and should be submitted to the USGBC at the end of the project.	Landscape Architect

 

Heat islands are phenomena that can be observed, often in metropolitan areas, where heat radiates from surfaces that have absorbed heat from the sun, resulting in an uncomfortably hot outdoor environment, and creating higher demand on building cooling loads. Designing shading prevents this solar heat gain. Locating parking underground reduces the amount of paved surface that retains heat. The use of open-grid paving reduces the ability of the surface to hold heat.  By minimizing the surface area exposed to large temperature differentials, a key component of heat transfer via conduction is minimized, thereby reducing the cooling load on the building. Minimizing the area exposed to the sun reduces heat transfer via radiation. The first of the Harvard University Sustainability Principles strives for “institutional practices that promote sustainability, including measures to increase efficiency.”  This design element promotes an increase in efficiency for the campus through reduced demand on the building’s cooling loads. This results in more temperate outdoor air temperatures. This design element promotes campus ecosystems by using plants to reduce solar heat gain. This ties in to the third Sustainability Principle, to commit to continuous improvement in "enhancing the health of campus ecosystems and increasing the diversity of native species.”

 

The Davis Langdon study found that most LEED projects are able to achieve this credit by adding shading elements and changing the color of concrete paving "for relatively low cost". (Matthiessen, Fay and Morris, 13). For the full cite, see Financial Links.

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

See updated Credit Interpretation Rulings issued by the U.S. Green Building Council.

"OPTION 1

Provide any combination of the following strategies for 50% of the site hardscape (including roads, sidewalks, courtyards and parking lots):

• Shade (within 5 years of occupancy)
• Paving materials with a Solar Reflectance Index (SRI)2 of at least 29
• Open grid pavement system

OR

OPTION 2

Place a minimum of 50% of parking spaces under cover (defined as under ground, under deck, under roof, or under a building). Any roof used to shade or cover parking must have an SRI of at least 29.  The Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) is a measure of the constructed surface’s ability to reflect solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise. It is defined so that a standard black (reflectance 0.05, emittance 0.90) is 0 and a standard white (reflectance 0.80, emittance 0.90) is 100. To calculate the SRI for a given material, obtain the reflectance value and emittance value for the material. SRI is calculated according to ASTM E 1980-01. Reflectance is measured according to ASTM E 903, ASTM E 1918, or ASTM C 1549. Emittance is measured according to ASTM E 408 or ASTM C 1371. Default values for some materials will be available in the LEED-NC v2.2 Reference Guide."

- LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide, page 89

 

LEED-NC Version 2.1

"Provide shade (within 5 years) and/or use light-colored/high-albedo materials (reflectance of at least 0.3) and/or open grid pavement for at least 30% of the site's non-roof impervious surfaces, including parking lots, walkways, plazas, etc.; OR place a minimum of 50% of parking spaces underground or covered by structured parking; OR use an open-grid pavement system (less than 50% impervious) for a minimum of 50% of the parking lot area."

- LEED-NC Version 2.1 Reference Guide, p. 59

(Hamilton Hall 5-Year Shade Study)

 

LEED-NC Version 2.2

"Provide project site drawings, highlighting the location of specific paving materials, landscape shading, and/or underground or covered parking

AND

OPTION 1

Provide the following data in the submittal template:

• The measured reflectance and emittance of each paving material installed on-site (to calculate the SRI - OR - the actual SRI for each paving material installed on-site -OR - the default SRI value for typical materials from Table 1 (on page 91 of this cited reference)
• Total area of site hardscape
• Total area of hardscape to be shaded within 5 years
• Total area of installed SRI compliant hardscape materials
• Total area of open grid pavement

OR

OPTION 2

• Total number of parking spaces provided on-site
• Total number of covered parking spaces on-site

AND (For Either Compliance Option)

• Provide an optional